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Gantry cranes are categorized based on several criteria including their structure, mobility, and lifting capacity. The most common categories include full gantry cranes, which feature legs on both sides of the workspace; semi-gantry cranes, which have one legged side while the other side runs along a wall or elevated runway; and portable gantry cranes, which are smaller and equipped with wheels for easy movement across flat surfaces. Lifting capacities can vary significantly, from a few tons to hundreds of tons, depending on the crane's design and purpose. This categorization helps users select the appropriate crane type that best fits their operational requirements and spatial constraints, enhancing safety and efficiency in handling heavy loads.